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Risk Management Framework - RMF SP 800-37

Risk Management Framework for Information Systems and Organizations: A System Life Cycle Approach for Security and Privacy (nist.gov)

Prepare Essential activities to prepare the organization to manage security and privacy risks.

Implement the controls and document how controls are deployed.

Categorize the system and information processed, stored, and transmitted based on impact analysis. 

Assess to determine if the controls are in place, operating as intended, and producing the desired results. 

Select the set of NIST SP 800-53 controls to protect the system based on risk assessment(s)

Authorize: Senior official makes a risk-based decision to authorize the system (to operate).

Monitor: Continuously monitor control implementation and risks to the system. 
Table 1: RMF Steps Including Resources for Implementers and Supporting NIST Publications *Read More at Risk Management Framework (RMF) Overview - Risk Management | CSRC

Cybersecurity Framework

Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) Framework Core (nist.gov)

Identify –   Develop an organizational understanding to manage cybersecurity risk to systems, people, assets, data, and capabilities. The activities in the Identify Function are foundational for effective use of the Framework. Understanding the business context, the resources that support critical functions, and the related cybersecurity risks enables an organization to focus and prioritize its efforts, consistent with its risk management strategy and business needs. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Asset Management; Business Environment; Governance; Risk Assessment; and Risk Management Strategy.

Protect – Develop and implement appropriate safeguards to ensure delivery of critical services. The Protect Function supports the ability to limit or contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity event. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Identity Management and Access Control; Awareness and Training; Data Security; Information Protection Processes and Procedures; Maintenance; and Protective Technology.

Detect – Develop and implement appropriate activities to identify the occurrence of a cybersecurity event. The Detect Function enables the timely discovery of cybersecurity events. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Anomalies and Events; Security Continuous Monitoring; and Detection Processes. 

Respond – Develop and implement appropriate activities to take action regarding a detected cybersecurity incident. The Respond Function supports the ability to contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity incident. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Response Planning; Communications; Analysis; Mitigation; and Improvements.

Recover – Develop and implement appropriate activities to maintain plans for resilience and to restore any capabilities or services that were impaired due to a cybersecurity incident. The Recover Function supports timely recovery to normal operations to reduce the impact of a cybersecurity incident. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Recovery Planning; Improvements; and Communications. 

Read more about NIST Cybersecurity Framework CSF

Business Continuity

BCP DR Concepts - Business Continuity BCP and DRP

Details
Written by: Robin Basham
Parent Category: Services
Category: Business Continuity

Article Index

Page 2 of 4
 
Major Areas in BCP
  • Project scope and planning
  • Business impact assessment
  • Continuity planning
  • Approval and implementation
7 Milestones in BCP
  1. Develop continuity planning policy statement
  2. Conduct Business Impact Analysis – critical functions and systems, prioritization based on necessity. Identify vulnerabilities and threats, calculate risk
  3. Identify preventive controls – implement controls and countermeasures to reduce the organization's risk level in an economical manner
  4. Develop recovery strategies – methods to ensure systems and critical functions can be brought online quickly
  5. Develop contingency plan – write procedures and guidelines for how the organization stays functional in a crippled state
  6. Test the plan and conduct training and exercises, identify deficiencies in the BCP and conduct training to properly prepare individuals on their tasks
  7. Maintain the plan
Six Elements in Quantitative Risk Analysis
Business Continuity Plan (BCP)

The BCP focuses on sustaining an organization’s mission/business processes during and after a disruption. An example of a mission/business process may be an organization’s payroll process or customer service process. A BCP may be written for mission/business processes within a single business unit or may address the entire organization’s processes. The BCP may also be scoped to address only the functions deemed to be priorities. A BCP may be used for long-term recovery in conjunction with the COOP plan, allowing for additional functions to come online as resources or time allow. Because mission/business processes use information systems (ISs), the business continuity planner must coordinate with information system owners to ensure that the BCP expectations and IS capabilities are matched.

Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP)
COOP focuses on restoring an organization’s mission essential functions (MEF) at an alternate site and performing those functions for up to 30 days before returning to normal operations. Additional functions, or those at a field office level, may be addressed by a BCP. Minor threats or disruptions that do not require relocation to an alternate site are typically not addressed in a COOP plan.
Standard elements of a COOP plan include:
Program plans and procedures
Continuity communications
Risk management
Vital records management
Budgeting and acquisition of resources  
Human capital
Essential functions  
Test, training, and exercise
Order of succession
Devolution
Delegation of authority
Reconstitution
Continuity facilities
Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP)

The DRP applies to major, usually physical disruptions to service that deny access to the primary facility infrastructure for an extended period. A DRP is an information system-focused plan designed to restore operability of the target system, application, or computer facility infrastructure at an alternate site after an emergency. The DRP may be supported by multiple information system contingency plans to address recovery of impacted individual systems once the alternate facility has been established. A DRP may support a BCP or COOP plan by recovering supporting systems for mission/business processes or mission essential functions at an alternate location. The DRP only addresses information system disruptions that require relocation.

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FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements

FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements - Visit FIPS 200, Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Info and Info Systems | CSRC (nist.gov)
  • Access Control (AC)
  • Awareness and Training (AT)
  • Audit and Accountability (AU)
  • Certification, Accreditation, and Security Assessments (CA)
  • Configuration Management (CM)
  • Contingency Planning (CP)
  • Identification and Authentication (IA)
  • Incident Response (IR)

Read FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements
  • Maintenance (MA)
  • Media Protection (MP)
  • Physical and Environmental Protection (PE)
  • Planning (PL)
  • Personnel Security (PS)
  • Risk Assessment (RA)
  • System and Services Acquisition (SA)
  • System and Communications Protection (SC)
  • System and Information Integrity (SI)

NIST Reading

Whether you're preparing for Cybersecurity certification, working with government standards, or simply starting your career in compliance, these are the NIST Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), Special Publication (SP), and Interagency Report (IR) topics you need to know. (The Perils of Mount Must Read™ Confessions of a Cliff Note Junky) These resources go onto the "Mountain of Must Read". If you don't recognize the standard reference, you've missed critical understanding. As of 2022, this is the minimum NIST alphabet. All of these documents are found at https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/ Be very careful about static content. Look at links before you launch them. Never use alternate sites for the Computer Security Resource Center. Get the full list here <NIST Reading Extended>

FIPS Publication 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules [FIPS 140-2]
FIPS Publication 199 Standards for Security Categorization of Federal Information and Information Systems [FIPS 199]
FIPS Publication 200 Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Information and Information Systems [FIPS 200]
FIPS Publication 201-1 Personal Identity Verification (PIV) of Federal Employees and Contractors [FIPS 201-1]		 NISTIR 8212 ISCMA: An Information Security Continuous Monitoring Program Assessment
NIST SP 800-18 Guide for Developing Security Plans for Federal Information Systems [SP 800-18]
NIST SP 800-30 Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems [NIST SP 800-30]
NIST SP 800-34 Contingency Planning Guide for Federal Information Systems [SP 800-34]

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