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Risk Management Framework - RMF SP 800-37

Risk Management Framework for Information Systems and Organizations: A System Life Cycle Approach for Security and Privacy (nist.gov)

Prepare Essential activities to prepare the organization to manage security and privacy risks.

Implement the controls and document how controls are deployed.

Categorize the system and information processed, stored, and transmitted based on impact analysis. 

Assess to determine if the controls are in place, operating as intended, and producing the desired results. 

Select the set of NIST SP 800-53 controls to protect the system based on risk assessment(s)

Authorize: Senior official makes a risk-based decision to authorize the system (to operate).

Monitor: Continuously monitor control implementation and risks to the system. 
Table 1: RMF Steps Including Resources for Implementers and Supporting NIST Publications *Read More at Risk Management Framework (RMF) Overview - Risk Management | CSRC

Cybersecurity Framework

Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) Framework Core (nist.gov)

Identify –   Develop an organizational understanding to manage cybersecurity risk to systems, people, assets, data, and capabilities. The activities in the Identify Function are foundational for effective use of the Framework. Understanding the business context, the resources that support critical functions, and the related cybersecurity risks enables an organization to focus and prioritize its efforts, consistent with its risk management strategy and business needs. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Asset Management; Business Environment; Governance; Risk Assessment; and Risk Management Strategy.

Protect – Develop and implement appropriate safeguards to ensure delivery of critical services. The Protect Function supports the ability to limit or contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity event. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Identity Management and Access Control; Awareness and Training; Data Security; Information Protection Processes and Procedures; Maintenance; and Protective Technology.

Detect – Develop and implement appropriate activities to identify the occurrence of a cybersecurity event. The Detect Function enables the timely discovery of cybersecurity events. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Anomalies and Events; Security Continuous Monitoring; and Detection Processes. 

Respond – Develop and implement appropriate activities to take action regarding a detected cybersecurity incident. The Respond Function supports the ability to contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity incident. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Response Planning; Communications; Analysis; Mitigation; and Improvements.

Recover – Develop and implement appropriate activities to maintain plans for resilience and to restore any capabilities or services that were impaired due to a cybersecurity incident. The Recover Function supports timely recovery to normal operations to reduce the impact of a cybersecurity incident. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Recovery Planning; Improvements; and Communications. 

Read more about NIST Cybersecurity Framework CSF

Cybersecurity RoadMap

Center For Internet Security Critical Security Controls V.8.1

Details
Written by: Robin Basham
Parent Category: Services
Category: Cybersecurity RoadMap

Article Index

Page 1 of 3

Center For Internet Security Critical Security Controls 8.1 

With regard to Critical Security Controls, CSC “…failure to implement all of the controls that apply to an organization’s environment constitutes a lack of reasonable security.”  Kamala Harris, then-Attorney General, CA, Breach Report 2016

When it's been up to me, I make sure the Security Organization has a paid membership with CIS CSC. If I work for you, it will be in my first five suggestions. This article won't provide a means to skip your membership, but it may help you reinforce how you approach your management to say, "this is a critical budget item for me and my team." There are products that build the CIS membership into their product, so listen carefully for that. If your Cloud Security provider can demonstrate currency with all CIS benchmarks, consider that as worth at least the first 15K. Regardless, you need to know what's in CIS CSC 8.1 framework and you must understand how to leverage the CIS Benchmark and membership resources. Start by requesting and downloading CIS RAM | Download CIS RAM

FYI Changes in the CIS CSC from versions 6 to 7 and 7 to 8 involve substantial change. Mapping based on the number of controls will fail.

CIS Controls Version 8
Control 1: Inventory and Control of Enterprise Assets
Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets
Control 3: Data Protection
Control 4: Secure Configuration of Enterprise Assets and Software
Control 5: Account Management
Control 6: Access Control Management
Control 7: Continuous Vulnerability Management
Control 8: Audit Log Management
Control 9: Email and Web Browser Protections
Control 10: Malware Defenses
Control 11: Data Recovery
Control 12: Network Infrastructure Management
Control 13: Network Monitoring and Defense
Control 14: Security Awareness and Skills Training
Control 15: Service Provider Management "New!"
Control 16: Application Software Security
Control 17: Incident Response Management
Control 18: Penetration Testing

Yes, we all have to know this. It's foundational.

Cybersecurity Challenge

Reputation is the new target for cyberattacks

  • Criminals value information – financial, health, critical infrastructure
  • When assessing and documenting Cyber risk it’s hard to know if we’ve got it right
  • The pace of technology increases unknown dependency on third parties
  • IT cannot trace or control our data – exfiltration occurs
  • The role of government and information custody is often misunderstood
  • External auditors share how well your systems, software, and procedures worked with actual data collected across a specified timeframe.
  • Findings in audit reports become barriers to business.
  • In today’s cloud economy, customer due diligence has gone from nice to have to mandate.

Learn about CIS Controls v8 | Tools and Resources | Companion Guides for CIS Controls v8 | CIS Controls v8 Mappings

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FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements

FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements - Visit FIPS 200, Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Info and Info Systems | CSRC (nist.gov)
  • Access Control (AC)
  • Awareness and Training (AT)
  • Audit and Accountability (AU)
  • Certification, Accreditation, and Security Assessments (CA)
  • Configuration Management (CM)
  • Contingency Planning (CP)
  • Identification and Authentication (IA)
  • Incident Response (IR)

Read FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements
  • Maintenance (MA)
  • Media Protection (MP)
  • Physical and Environmental Protection (PE)
  • Planning (PL)
  • Personnel Security (PS)
  • Risk Assessment (RA)
  • System and Services Acquisition (SA)
  • System and Communications Protection (SC)
  • System and Information Integrity (SI)

NIST Reading

Whether you're preparing for Cybersecurity certification, working with government standards, or simply starting your career in compliance, these are the NIST Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), Special Publication (SP), and Interagency Report (IR) topics you need to know. (The Perils of Mount Must Read™ Confessions of a Cliff Note Junky) These resources go onto the "Mountain of Must Read". If you don't recognize the standard reference, you've missed critical understanding. As of 2022, this is the minimum NIST alphabet. All of these documents are found at https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/ Be very careful about static content. Look at links before you launch them. Never use alternate sites for the Computer Security Resource Center. Get the full list here <NIST Reading Extended>

FIPS Publication 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules [FIPS 140-2]
FIPS Publication 199 Standards for Security Categorization of Federal Information and Information Systems [FIPS 199]
FIPS Publication 200 Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Information and Information Systems [FIPS 200]
FIPS Publication 201-1 Personal Identity Verification (PIV) of Federal Employees and Contractors [FIPS 201-1]		 NISTIR 8212 ISCMA: An Information Security Continuous Monitoring Program Assessment
NIST SP 800-18 Guide for Developing Security Plans for Federal Information Systems [SP 800-18]
NIST SP 800-30 Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems [NIST SP 800-30]
NIST SP 800-34 Contingency Planning Guide for Federal Information Systems [SP 800-34]

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