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Risk Management Framework - RMF SP 800-37

Risk Management Framework for Information Systems and Organizations: A System Life Cycle Approach for Security and Privacy (nist.gov)

Prepare Essential activities to prepare the organization to manage security and privacy risks.

Implement the controls and document how controls are deployed.

Categorize the system and information processed, stored, and transmitted based on impact analysis. 

Assess to determine if the controls are in place, operating as intended, and producing the desired results. 

Select the set of NIST SP 800-53 controls to protect the system based on risk assessment(s)

Authorize: Senior official makes a risk-based decision to authorize the system (to operate).

Monitor: Continuously monitor control implementation and risks to the system. 
Table 1: RMF Steps Including Resources for Implementers and Supporting NIST Publications *Read More at Risk Management Framework (RMF) Overview - Risk Management | CSRC

Cybersecurity Framework

Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) Framework Core (nist.gov)

Identify –   Develop an organizational understanding to manage cybersecurity risk to systems, people, assets, data, and capabilities. The activities in the Identify Function are foundational for effective use of the Framework. Understanding the business context, the resources that support critical functions, and the related cybersecurity risks enables an organization to focus and prioritize its efforts, consistent with its risk management strategy and business needs. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Asset Management; Business Environment; Governance; Risk Assessment; and Risk Management Strategy.

Protect – Develop and implement appropriate safeguards to ensure delivery of critical services. The Protect Function supports the ability to limit or contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity event. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Identity Management and Access Control; Awareness and Training; Data Security; Information Protection Processes and Procedures; Maintenance; and Protective Technology.

Detect – Develop and implement appropriate activities to identify the occurrence of a cybersecurity event. The Detect Function enables the timely discovery of cybersecurity events. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Anomalies and Events; Security Continuous Monitoring; and Detection Processes. 

Respond – Develop and implement appropriate activities to take action regarding a detected cybersecurity incident. The Respond Function supports the ability to contain the impact of a potential cybersecurity incident. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Response Planning; Communications; Analysis; Mitigation; and Improvements.

Recover – Develop and implement appropriate activities to maintain plans for resilience and to restore any capabilities or services that were impaired due to a cybersecurity incident. The Recover Function supports timely recovery to normal operations to reduce the impact of a cybersecurity incident. Examples of outcome Categories within this Function include Recovery Planning; Improvements; and Communications. 

Read more about NIST Cybersecurity Framework CSF

GRC Blog

NIST 171 DFARS and CMMC - NIST Families

Details
Written by: Robin Basham
Category: GRC Blog

Article Index

Page 6 of 16

Control Families in Special Publications 800-171, 800-53 r5, 800-53B, and FIPS PUB 200

As the “minimum” security requirement for Federal Information and Information Systems, anyone who operates within compliance requires a general understanding of the FIPS PUB 200 control families. These are the “Minimum Requirements.” In comparison to the minimum requirements of FIPS 200, compliance professionals should compare these high-level control definitions with their evolution to [SP 800-53 r5] catalog, shown in Table 5 as the hyperlinked control family names that launch to their NIST online repository. Since 79 of the 110 controls are derived from [SP 800-53B Moderate], it is helpful to understand the full context of the NIST 171 requirement at its origin and with its relationships to other controls and reference materials.

The following 14 items are represented in NIST 800-171 control requirements. NIST continuously evolves its frameworks and related resources, so it is essential to use the online delivery mechanism when establishing your program. For example, as of April 2022, the [SP 800-53B moderate] is expected to modify again, adopting around 18 additional controls from the SP 800-53 r5 catalog. [xxx] Families introduced or significantly increased within Revision 5 of SP 800-53 include PM - PROGRAM MANAGEMENT, PT - PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION PROCESSING, AND TRANSPARENCY, and SR - SUPPLY CHAIN RISK MANAGEMENT.

AC – 3.1 ACCESS CONTROL
AT – 3.2 AWARENESS AND TRAINING
AU – 3.3 AUDIT AND ACCOUNTABILITY
CM – 3.4 CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT
IA – 3.5 IDENTIFICATION AND AUTHENTICATION
IR – 3.6 INCIDENT RESPONSE
MA – 3.7 MAINTENANCE		 MP – 3.8 MEDIA PROTECTION
PS – 3.9 PERSONNEL SECURITY
PE – 3.10 PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
RA – 3.11 RISK ASSESSMENT
CA – 3.12 SECURITY ASSESSMENT
SC – 3.13 SYSTEM AND COMMUNICATIONS PROTECTION
SI – 3.14 System and Information Integrity

Table 3 Control Families in NIST SP 800-171

FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements

The following items are the FIPS 200 Control families are the Minimum-Security Requirements. There is an added note to indicate when the item is not called out as part of the NIST 171 CUI-based control requirements. <Read more: FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements

800-53r5 Control Families

The following grid represents hyperlinked Control Families used for the NIST SP 800-53 Catalog and leveraged for the NIST SP 800-53B and NIST SP 800-171A assessment methodologies. Control Families CP Contingency Planning, PL Planning, PM Program Management, PT Personally Identifiable Information Processing and Transparency, SA System and Service Acquisition, and SR Supply Chain Risk Management are not directly mapped to the NIST 171 Assessment Methodology. It is recommended that anyone working with NIST Compliance familiarize themselves with all control families.

Table 4 Control Families in NIST 800-171 series and NIST 800-53 Series linked to CSRC NIST 800-53

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FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements

FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements - Visit FIPS 200, Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Info and Info Systems | CSRC (nist.gov)
  • Access Control (AC)
  • Awareness and Training (AT)
  • Audit and Accountability (AU)
  • Certification, Accreditation, and Security Assessments (CA)
  • Configuration Management (CM)
  • Contingency Planning (CP)
  • Identification and Authentication (IA)
  • Incident Response (IR)

Read FIPS PUB 200 Minimum Security Requirements
  • Maintenance (MA)
  • Media Protection (MP)
  • Physical and Environmental Protection (PE)
  • Planning (PL)
  • Personnel Security (PS)
  • Risk Assessment (RA)
  • System and Services Acquisition (SA)
  • System and Communications Protection (SC)
  • System and Information Integrity (SI)

Standards.gov | NIST

Standards.gov | NIST
Documentary Standards can specify the definition of terms; classifications of components; delineation of procedures; specification of dimensions, materials, processes, products, systems, services, or practices; test methods and sampling procedures; or descriptions of fit and measurements of size or strength. Under the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA), NIST is assigned the responsibility to coordinate federal, state, and local documentary standards and conformity assessment activities.
Standards.gov | Federal Use of Standards | Standards Incorporated by Reference (SIBR) | Industry Standards | International Standards | Military Standards | Standards Issued or Adopted by Federal Agencies | Standards Search Engines | Voluntary Product Standards

NIST Reading

Whether you're preparing for Cybersecurity certification, working with government standards, or simply starting your career in compliance, these are the NIST Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), Special Publication (SP), and Interagency Report (IR) topics you need to know. (The Perils of Mount Must Read™ Confessions of a Cliff Note Junky) These resources go onto the "Mountain of Must Read". If you don't recognize the standard reference, you've missed critical understanding. As of 2022, this is the minimum NIST alphabet. All of these documents are found at https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/ Be very careful about static content. Look at links before you launch them. Never use alternate sites for the Computer Security Resource Center. Get the full list here <NIST Reading Extended>

FIPS Publication 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules [FIPS 140-2]
FIPS Publication 199 Standards for Security Categorization of Federal Information and Information Systems [FIPS 199]
FIPS Publication 200 Minimum Security Requirements for Federal Information and Information Systems [FIPS 200]
FIPS Publication 201-1 Personal Identity Verification (PIV) of Federal Employees and Contractors [FIPS 201-1]		 NISTIR 8212 ISCMA: An Information Security Continuous Monitoring Program Assessment
NIST SP 800-18 Guide for Developing Security Plans for Federal Information Systems [SP 800-18]
NIST SP 800-30 Risk Management Guide for Information Technology Systems [NIST SP 800-30]
NIST SP 800-34 Contingency Planning Guide for Federal Information Systems [SP 800-34]

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